During surface sounding, sections of the terrain are examined for munitions and unexploded bombs. In the geophysical exploration of the near-surface subsurface, we use established and meaningful investigation methods for the detection of explosive ordnance. Depending on the local conditions, we use the following measuring methods:
Geomagnetics is the most common method for searching for munitions underground. Passive magnetometer probes can be used to measure ferrous objects in the ground. Magnetometers are used as single probes for the hand, in combination with several probes or also in borehole magnetics. Depending on the nature and size of the areas to be investigated, these systems can be GPS-supported, manually pushed or vehicle-supported. The results of the probing are then processed on the computer by our geophysicists and evaluated for ordnance-relevant anomalies.
Electromagnetics, also referred to as TDEM (Time Domain Electromagnetics) or simply EM, is an active measurement system. Where geomagnetic data can no longer be meaningfully evaluated due to local disturbances caused by adjacent development, lines of fill such as recycling, an active method such as electromagnetics offers some advantages. For this purpose, a primary magnetic field is induced in the subsurface using a transmitter coil. All conductive materials are excited by the primary field and form a secondary magnetic field, which is measured by receiving coils arranged above it and stored in different time windows. In this way, a differentiated image of conductive bodies in the surface can be created and evaluated.
Georadar is based on the principle of measuring the velocity of emitted electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic waves are emitted by an antenna and reflected in the subsurface at interfaces and material differences. The reflected signal is picked up by the receiver and the corresponding travel time of the electromagnetic wave is stored. The advantage of georadar surveys is that reflections can be recorded regardless of the material, i.e. even in the vicinity of lines, fences and tracks. The penetration depth of the electromagnetic waves depends on the frequency used and on the attenuation properties of the subsurface. In most cases, penetration depths in the upper 2.0 m under sealed surfaces can be realized.
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